Ngaba iiplastiki zethu eziqhelekileyo ziyikristale okanye i-amorphous?Okokuqala, kufuneka siqonde ukuba yintoni umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwekristale kunye ne-amorphous.
Iikristale ziiathom, ii-ion okanye iimolekyuli ezilungelelaniswe esithubeni ngokwe periodicity ethile ukuze zenze isiqina esinemilo ethile eqhelekileyo yejometri ngexesha lenkqubo yecrystallization.I-Amorphous yi-amorphous body, okanye i-amorphous, i-amorphous solid, eyomeleleyo apho ii-athomu zingacwangciswanga ngokulandelelana kwendawo ethile, ehambelana nekristale.
Iikristale eziqhelekileyo ziyidayimane, i-quartz, i-mica, i-alum, ityuwa yetafile, i-sulfate yobhedu, iswekile, i-monosodium glutamate njalo njalo.I-amorphous eqhelekileyo yiparafini, i-rosin, i-asphalt, irabha, iglasi njalo njalo.
Ukuhanjiswa kweekristale kubanzi kakhulu, kwaye uninzi lwezinto eziqinileyo kwindalo ziikristale.Iigesi, ulwelo kunye nezinto ezi-amorphous nazo zinokuguqulwa zibe ziikristale phantsi kweemeko ezithile ezifanelekileyo.Ubume bexesha lesithathu-dimensional lokucwangciswa kwee-athomu okanye iimolekyuli kwikristale yeyona nto isisiseko kwaye iyimfuneko yekristale.
Izidumbu eziqhelekileyo ze-amorphous ziquka iglasi kunye neekhompawundi ezininzi ze-polymer ezifana ne-styrene kunye nokunye.Ngethuba nje izinga lokupholisa likhawuleza ngokwaneleyo, naluphi na ulwelo luya kwenza umzimba we-amorphous.Phakathi kwazo, kuya kubanda kakhulu, kwaye i-lattice okanye i-skeleton ekwi-thermodynamically favorable crystalline state iya kuphulukana nesantya sentshukumo phambi kokuba ii-athom zicwangciswe, kodwa ulwabiwo oluqikelelweyo lwee-athomu kwimeko yolwelo lusagcinwa.
Ngoko ke, sinokugweba ukuba iiplastiki eziqhelekileyo ebomini ziyi-amorphous.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-23-2022